How does Karel know the number of beepers in its bag?

Karel automatically tracks the number of beepers in its bag, which allows it to know how many it has at any given time. This automatic tracking is an essential feature of Karel's programming, enabling it to perform actions based on the current count of beepers without manual intervention. For instance, when Karel picks up a beeper, the count is adjusted immediately, and when it places a beeper down, the counter decreases accordingly. This functionality is crucial for efficient programming, as it prevents Karel from needing to manually count or keep track of the beepers, simplifying the code and enhancing performance during tasks like retrieving or using beepers.